The 3-2-1 Backup Rule: How to Never Lose Your Data Again

The 3-2-1 backup rule requires three copies of data, stored on two different media types, with one copy offsite.

Use a NAS for local backups and external drives or tape as a second media type; disconnect offline drives when not in use.

Encrypt backups locally before uploading to cloud storage like Backblaze B2, Amazon S3, or Wasabi.

Automate backups with CLI tools such as Restic and schedule verification checks to ensure restore reliability.