We’ll fly this summer, but nothing will ever be the same: the refineries' 'miracle' that saved our holidays

European airlines avoided a summer flight collapse as refineries boosted output and emergency measures kept jet fuel supplies moving.

EASA allowed limited mixing of Jet A and Jet A-1, while carriers also used tankering and extra imports to manage shortages.

The crisis has pushed up fuel costs, surcharges, and ticket prices, and some routes and seats are being cut.

Middle East conflict has not stopped operations, but it is reshaping airline logistics and passenger fares across Europe.