Ancient DNA Reveals How Farming Spread and Nearly Broke a Civilization

Ancient DNA, isotopes, archaeology, and paleoclimate data from Argentina’s Uspallata Valley show farming spread mainly through local adoption, not large population replacement.

The study finds strong genetic continuity from hunter-gatherers to later farming groups, with some later migration and a shift toward maize-based diets.

Researchers say extended family movement and kin networks likely helped Andean communities cope with climate and health crises.

The findings clarify how agriculture expanded in the southern Andes and how mobility and continuity shaped survival over time.